#16Overall
#8ROI
#5Highest Paying

Anesthesiologist

Anesthesiologists are physicians who specialize in perioperative care, pain management, and critical care medicine.

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Getting Started

How to Become a Anesthesiologist

At 12 years to get started, this takes longer than the 10.8 years average for Doctoral Degree-level careers.

1

Complete Education

Earn your Doctoral Degree (typically 12 years) at an estimated cost of $250k–$375k.

2

Get Licensed or Certified

Complete any state-required licensing or certification exams for anesthesiologist practice.

3

Begin Working

Anesthesiologist earn a median salary of $239k/yr, with entry-level positions starting somewhat lower.

Education costs from College Scorecard. Training timelines from BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook.

Pathway quick answers

  • How do you become a Anesthesiologist?Complete required education, licensing, and supervised training for Anesthesiologist.
  • How long does it take?Typical path to first paid role: 12 years.
  • How much does it cost?Estimated education and training cost range: $250k-$375k (living expenses excluded).

Estimates use College Scorecard tuition data plus cited pathway and licensing requirements.

Overview

What Does a Anesthesiologist Do?

Anesthesiologists are physicians who specialize in perioperative care, pain management, and critical care medicine. They administer anesthesia to patients during surgical, therapeutic, and diagnostic procedures, ensuring patient safety by monitoring vital life functions. Anesthesiology is one of the highest-paid medical specialties.

On the Job

Perform pre-operative assessments and develop anesthesia plans
Administer general, regional, and local anesthesia
Monitor vital signs and life functions during surgical procedures
Manage airway, ventilation, and hemodynamic stability
Provide post-operative pain management
Respond to medical emergencies in the perioperative setting
Supervise CRNAs and anesthesia assistants
Manage critical care patients in ICU settings

Compensation

How Much Does a Anesthesiologist Make?

At $239k/yr, anesthesiologist earn more than most Doctoral Degree-level careers, where the average is $207k/yr.

$239k/yr

median annual salary

10th percentile90th percentile
$144k/yr$239k/yr median$359k/yr

How It Compares

CareerMedian Salary
Anesthesiologist$239k/yr
Physician Assistant$133k/yr
Internal Medicine Physician$239k/yr
Cardiologist$239k/yr
Family Medicine Physician$239k/yr

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, May 2024

After investing roughly $313k in education, anesthesiologist typically begin earning within 12 years. Based on entry-level salaries of $179k/yr growing toward a $239k/yr median. The average education cost for Doctoral Degree-level careers is $289k.

Anesthesiologist ROI

Net earnings over 20 years

$1.9M

Pre-tax 20-year estimate after required education and training costs; taxes and living expenses excluded.

How the 20-year estimate is calculated

Gross earnings$2.2M
Education/training costs-$337k
Net earnings$1.9M

Anesthesiologist Career ROI (20-year net earnings)

Track how education costs and earnings typically accumulate from enrollment through year 20.

EducationTraining/LicensingCareer

Cumulative net earnings (USD)

The full chart keeps 20-year context. The detail chart below zooms in on early pathway years.

Sources: Accreditor, Accreditor, AccreditorSee Sources and methods.

Early-years detail

Years 0-14

Years 0-14. Scaled to early-year values. Black markers show key checkpoints.

Quick answers

  • Is becoming a Anesthesiologist financially worth it?Typical 20-year net estimate: $1.9M (pre-tax, living expenses excluded).
  • How much does training cost for a Anesthesiologist?Estimated required education and licensing cost to become a Anesthesiologist: $337k (range used: $247k-$428k). Breakdown: Bachelor's Degree with Pre-Med Coursework: $80k; MCAT Examination: $348; Medical School Years 1-2 (Preclinical): $125k; USMLE Step 1 Examination: $680. Plus 6 additional cost stages.
  • How long does it take to become a Anesthesiologist?Typical time to first paycheck is about 8 years. Typical time to enter the target Anesthesiologist role is about 12 years.
  • How do you become a Anesthesiologist?See How to Become for pathway steps, timing, and credential requirements.
Detailed math

How 20-year net is built from each training and career phase.

PhaseTime windowGross earningsEducation/training costNet contributionSources

Bachelor's Degree with Pre-Med Coursework

Education

Years 0-3 (m0-m47)$0-$80,000-$80,000

MCAT Examination

Education

Year 3 (m36-m36)$0-$348-$348

Medical School Years 1-2 (Preclinical)

Education

Years 4-5 (m48-m71)$0-$125,000-$125,000

USMLE Step 1 Examination

Education

Year 6 (m72-m72)$0-$680-$680

Medical School Years 3-4 (Clinical Clerkships)

Education

Years 6-7 (m72-m95)$0-$125,000-$125,000

USMLE Step 2 CK Examination

Education

Year 7 (m90-m90)$0-$680-$680

Anesthesiology Residency Year 1 (CA-1)

Training/Licensing

Year 8 (m96-m107)$65,004$0$65,004

USMLE Step 3 Examination

Training/Licensing

Year 8 (m102-m102)$0-$875-$875

Anesthesiology Residency Years 2-4 (CA-2 to CA-4)

Training/Licensing

Years 9-11 (m108-m143)$209,988$0$209,988

ABA BASIC Examination

Training/Licensing

Year 9 (m114-m114)$0-$1,200-$1,200

ABA Advanced Examination

Training/Licensing

Year 12 (m144-m144)$0-$2,400-$2,400

Full Unrestricted State Medical License

Training/Licensing

Year 12 (m144-m144)$0-$1,000-$1,000

Independent Practice as Attending Anesthesiologist

Career

Years 12-19 (m144-m239)$1,913,568$0$1,913,568

ABA Applied Examination

Career

Year 13 (m156-m167)$239,196$0$239,196

Model reconciliation

Reconciliation

Years 0-20 (m0-m239)-$239,156$0-$239,156None
20-year totals$2,188,600-$337,183$1,851,417Matches 20-year ROI formula
Sources and methods

Assumptions

  • Pathway sequence and timing follow the cited training and licensing pathway for this role.BLSBLS
  • Earnings benchmarks come from cited occupation wage references.BLSBLS
  • Education and training cost uses College Scorecard tuition and cited pathway fees when needed.Source unavailable
  • Cost allocation follows a model rule: short completed steps post in completion year; longer tuition steps are spread across phase years.Model ruleBLSBLS
  • Taxes and living expenses are excluded from this estimate.Model rule

Future-Proofing

Anesthesiologist Job Outlook (2024–2034)

Employment Growth

The BLS projects 3% growth over the next decade, roughly in line with the 4.8% average for Doctoral Degree-level careers.

10-Year Growth

3%

About as fast as average

Current Employment

32k

jobs nationwide

AI Impact

High AI Impact

Anesthesiologist roles face significant AI impact — higher AI exposure than most Doctoral Degree-level careers. AI independently handles one or more major task components in this field. Core responsibilities like state licensing requirements require human presence and judgment that AI cannot replicate.

Why It's Safe

  • +Assisting and caring for others
  • +Establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships
  • +Handling and moving objects
  • +Coaching and developing others
  • +Developing and building teams
State Licensed

What Could Be Automated

  • Making decisions and solving problems
  • Getting information
  • Monitoring processes, materials, or surroundings
  • Evaluating information to determine compliance with standards
  • Analyzing data or information

Based on evidence-based AI impact methodology and Bureau of Labor Statistics projections

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Related Guides

Sources

These references are used to build salary, training-path, and job-outlook estimates shown on this page.

Advanced Methodology

Education cost source id: pathway_sum_2026

Source update dates: BLS OEWS: 2024-05 · BLS Projections: 2024-09 · O*NET: 2024-12