#8Growth
#16Highest Paying

Physical Therapist

Physical Therapists help people of all ages improve their movement, manage pain, prevent disability, and restore function following injury, illness, or surgery.

Loading programs...

Getting Started

How to Become a Physical Therapist

At 7 years to get started, this is faster than the 11 years average for Doctoral Degree-level careers.

1

Complete Education

Earn your Doctoral Degree (typically 7 years) at an estimated cost of $231k–$304k.

2

Get Licensed or Certified

Complete any state-required licensing or certification exams for physical therapist practice.

3

Begin Working

Physical Therapist earn a median salary of $101k/yr, with entry-level positions starting somewhat lower.

Education costs from College Scorecard. Training timelines from BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook.

Pathway quick answers

  • How do you become a Physical Therapist?Complete required education, licensing, and supervised training for Physical Therapist.
  • How long does it take?Typical path to first paid role: 7 years.
  • How much does it cost?Estimated education and training cost range: $231k-$304k (living expenses excluded).

Estimates use College Scorecard tuition data plus cited pathway and licensing requirements.

Overview

What Does a Physical Therapist Do?

Physical Therapists help people of all ages improve their movement, manage pain, prevent disability, and restore function following injury, illness, or surgery. As a PT, you'll work with diverse patient populations—from athletes recovering from sports injuries to elderly patients regaining mobility after a stroke, and everyone in between. The profession combines hands-on clinical work with patient education, exercise prescription, and collaborative care planning.

On the Job

Conduct comprehensive patient evaluations to assess movement dysfunction, pain, and functional limitations
Develop evidence-based treatment plans tailored to each patient's specific goals and conditions
Perform manual therapy techniques including joint mobilization, soft tissue mobilization, and therapeutic massage
Prescribe and supervise therapeutic exercises to improve strength, flexibility, balance, and endurance
Apply therapeutic modalities such as electrical stimulation, ultrasound, heat, and cold therapy
Educate patients and families about their conditions, treatment approaches, and home exercise programs
Document patient progress in electronic medical record systems and adjust treatment plans as needed
Supervise Physical Therapist Assistants and support staff in implementing treatment plans

Compensation

How Much Does a Physical Therapist Make?

At $101k/yr, physical therapist earn less than the $217k/yr average for Doctoral Degree-level careers.

$101k/yr

median annual salary

10th percentile90th percentile
$61k/yr$101k/yr median$152k/yr

How It Compares

CareerMedian Salary
Physical Therapist$101k/yr
Physician Assistant$130k/yr
Internal Medicine Physician$239k/yr
Family Medicine Physician$239k/yr
Nurse Practitioner$129k/yr

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, May 2024

After investing roughly $267k in education, physical therapist typically begin earning within 7 years. Based on entry-level salaries of $76k/yr growing toward a $101k/yr median. The average education cost for Doctoral Degree-level careers is $292k.

Physical Therapist ROI

Net earnings over 20 years

$1.0M

Pre-tax 20-year estimate after required education and training costs; taxes and living expenses excluded.

How the 20-year estimate is calculated

Gross earnings$1.3M
Education/training costs-$267k
Net earnings$1.0M

Physical Therapist Career ROI (20-year net earnings)

Track how education costs and earnings typically accumulate from enrollment through year 20.

EducationTraining/LicensingCareer

Cumulative net earnings (USD)

The full chart keeps 20-year context. The detail chart below zooms in on early pathway years.

Sources: BLS, Accreditor, AccreditorSee Sources and methods.

Early-years detail

Years 0-9

Years 0-9. Scaled to early-year values. Black markers show key checkpoints.

Quick answers

  • Is becoming a Physical Therapist financially worth it?Typical 20-year net estimate: $1.0M (pre-tax, living expenses excluded).
  • How much does training cost for a Physical Therapist?Estimated required education and licensing cost to become a Physical Therapist: $267k (range used: $231k-$304k). Breakdown: Bachelor's Degree with Prerequisites: $153k; Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) Program: $114k; National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE): $428.
  • How long does it take to become a Physical Therapist?Typical time to first paycheck is about 7 years. Typical time to enter the target Physical Therapist role is about 7 years.
  • How do you become a Physical Therapist?See How to Become for pathway steps, timing, and credential requirements.
Detailed math

How 20-year net is built from each training and career phase.

PhaseTime windowGross earningsEducation/training costNet contributionSources

Bachelor's Degree with Prerequisites

Education

Years 0-3 (m0-m47)$0-$152,598-$152,598

Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) Program

Education

Years 4-6 (m48-m83)$0-$114,449-$114,449

National Physical Therapy Examination (NPTE)

Training/Licensing

Year 7 (m84-m84)$0-$428-$428

Entry-Level Physical Therapist

Career

Years 7-19 (m84-m236)$1,287,954$0$1,287,954

Model reconciliation

Reconciliation

Years 0-20 (m0-m239)$25,306$0$25,306None
20-year totals$1,313,260-$267,475$1,045,785Matches 20-year ROI formula
Sources and methods

Assumptions

  • Pathway sequence and timing follow the cited training and licensing pathway for this role.BLS
  • Earnings benchmarks come from cited occupation wage references.BLS
  • Education and training cost uses College Scorecard tuition and cited pathway fees when needed.College Scorecard
  • Cost allocation follows a model rule: short completed steps post in completion year; longer tuition steps are spread across phase years.Model ruleBLSCollege Scorecard
  • Taxes and living expenses are excluded from this estimate.Model rule

Future-Proofing

Physical Therapist Job Outlook (2024–2034)

Employment Growth

The BLS projects 14.2% growth over the next decade — faster than the 4% average for Doctoral Degree-level careers. That's considered "much faster than average" by BLS standards.

10-Year Growth

14.2%

Much faster than average

Current Employment

238,300

jobs nationwide

AI Impact

High AI Impact

Physical Therapist roles face significant AI impact — higher AI exposure than most Doctoral Degree-level careers. AI independently handles one or more major task components in this field. Core responsibilities like state licensing requirements require human presence and judgment that AI cannot replicate.

Why It's Safe

  • +Assisting and caring for others
  • +Establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships
  • +Performing general physical activities
  • +Handling and moving objects
  • +Coaching and developing others
State Licensed

What Could Be Automated

  • Documenting/recording information
  • Making decisions and solving problems
  • Performing for or working directly with the public
  • Getting information
  • Evaluating information to determine compliance with standards

Based on evidence-based AI impact methodology and Bureau of Labor Statistics projections

Explore More

Similar Careers to Compare

Learn More

Related Guides

Sources

These references are used to build salary, training-path, and job-outlook estimates shown on this page.

Advanced Methodology

Education cost source id: college_scorecard_2025

Source update dates: BLS OEWS: 2024-05 · BLS Projections: 2024-09 · O*NET: 2024-12